Omid Bakhtiari

Unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) is widely used in the composite industry due to its desirable properties such as low cost and good processability. However, its low corrosion resistance, high brittleness, and flammability limit its applications in various industrial fields. To overcome these limitations, the incorporation of reinforcing particles into the resin has recently been proposed as an effective approach. In this study, bimetallic metal–organic frameworks (Fe/Al-BDC-NH?) were employed as reinforcing additives to investigate their effect on the physical–mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of unsaturated polyester resin. Owing to their hybrid structure, the MOF particles—with metallic sites enhancing mechanical performance and organic linkers enabling interfacial bonding with polymer chains—prevented particle sedimentation and improved the uniformity and adhesion of the polymer network. Structural and performance analyses of the composites were carried out using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM, DMA, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results revealed that the incorporation of a small amount of Fe/Al-MOF significantly increased the storage modulus, improved interfacial adhesion, enhanced electrochemical stability, and reduced the permeability of the resin in corrosive environments. Overall, the presence of bimetallic MOF particles remarkably improved the mechanical and anti-corrosion performance of the unsaturated polyester resin and offers a promising route for developing high-performance, corrosion-resistant coatings and composites for industrial applications.   

   ساخت غشاهاي نانوفيلتراسيون پليمري اصلاح شده با حلال يوتكتيك عميق كافئين بتائن (DES) يك رويكرد نوآورانه با هدف افزايش حذف پساب هاي رنگي و رنگي صنعتي است. اين تكنيك از خواص منحصر به فرد DES ها استفاده مي كند كه به دليل توانايي آنها در حل طيف گسترده اي از مواد از جمله تركيبات آلي شناخته شده است و آنها را براي اصلاح غشاء مناسب مي كند. DES كافئين-بتائن تركيبي است كه مي تواند آب دوستي و نفوذپذيري غشا را بهبود بخشد. DES ها از اختلاط دهنده پيوند هيدروژني (كافئين) با گيرنده پيوند هيدروژني (بتائن) تشكيل مي شوند و در نتيجه حلالي با نقطه ذوب پايين تر از اجزاي جداگانه آن ايجاد مي شود. اين ويژگي مي تواند به انحلال پليمرها و افزايش عملكرد غشا در كاربردهاي فيلتراسيون كمك كند.

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   The aim of this study is to investigate the potential and efficiency of modified bioadsorbent of combined sheep wool (SW)-cow dung ash (CDA) in removing common heavy metal cations in industrial wastewater. The concentration of Pb (II), Cd (II) and Ni (II) solutions was measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) device. After calculating the adsorption capacity (q) and removal percentage (RE), the thermodynamics and kinetics of adsorption were studied by fitting the equilibrium experimental data with one-component and multi-component isotherms and kinetic models. To check the feasibility (spontaneity) of the adsorption process, the thermodynamic parameters including Gi   free energy (?G°abs), enthalpy (?H°abs) and entropy (?S°abs) were calculated. The effect and optimization of important process parameters were investigated in three levels with experiments designed by the response surface method (RSM) and diagrams related to software output. In order to confirm the surface modification, the adsorbents were analyzed with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The kinetic data of the cationic mixture was well matched with the pseudo-second order model (R2 > 0.993). In fitting the equilibrium data with the one-component adsorption isotherms, the lowest value of the error function and higher consistency was related to the Dubinin-Radoshkevich isotherm in single cation adsorption (R2 > 0.980) and cation mixture (R2 > 0.950). In the adsorption of two-components, the competitive Langmuir-Freundlich (CLF) and expanded Freundlich (EF) isotherms were in very good agreement with the data (R2 > 0.996 and R2 > 0. 989, respectively). The maximum adsorption capacity for the three cations of Pb (II), Cd (II) and Ni (II) in the optimal experimental conditions for the cationic mixture was 21.89, 19.93 and 17.12 mg/g, respectively. Thermodynamic studies showed that the adsorption process of all three studied pollutants is feasible and spontaneous (?G°abs < 0), exothermic (?H°abs < 0), and stable at the adsorbent-adsorbed interface (?S°abs < 0).

Separation of gas mixtures by membranes has reached from laboratory to industrial scale due to various applications and has replaced some traditional methods. Although achieving ideal membranes is still challenging, over time researchers have been able to continuously improve the performance of membranes. Ceramic-based graphene oxide membranes are of interest due to their reasonable price and ability to increase efficiency with various modifications. In this research, to modify graphene oxide membranes from the amino acid arginine due to the presence of polar carboxylic groups in amino acids that can intensify the dissolution mechanism of CO2 penetration through the quadrupole moment interaction and also that amino groups can reversibly interact with CO2 in Different amino acids have been used to react and facilitate their transfer, and ionic liquid was also used because it has cations and anions that can selectively react with CO2 molecules in order to create a synergistic effect. To complete the role of ionic liquid, the application of an external electric field was used during deposition. FTIR, XRD and FESEM analyzes were used to investigate the structural changes in graphene oxide. By examining the peaks of the FTIR test, the structural changes and the successful functionalization with arginine and ionic liquid were confirmed. And the XRD test results confirmed the increase in the distance between graphene oxide sheets after functionalization. By functionalizing graphene oxide with arginine, an increase of 5.96 times and 1.97 times in CO2 permeability and CO2/N2 selectivity was observed, respectively, compared to the boehmite base. Further, by adding ionic liquid and simultaneous functionalization with arginine and ionic liquid, a synergistic effect was created and caused CO2 permeability to gpu 10476 and CO2/N2 selectivity to 4.04, which showed an increase of 15 and 43% compared to graphene oxide functionalized with arginine. gave Finally, by changing the effective parameters (ionic liquid ratio - graphene oxide concentration) and applying an external electric field during layering and changing the operating conditions as well as humidifying the feed gas, the CO2 permeability reached 16211 gpu and the CO2/N2 selectivity reached 10.31, which It showed an increase of 11.41 times and 9.87 times compared to the base (bohemite) respectively.   

Heavy metals are among the environmental pollutants that human exposure to them through water and food can cause acute and dangerous poisoning. Water pollution with heavy metals is an existing and developing global problem. Heavy metals such as lead, copper, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, etc. are among the most common pollutants found in industrial wastewater. There are different methods for removing heavy metals, among these methods we can mention chemical precipitation, ion exchange, coagulation, reverse osmosis, electrochemical processes and surface adsorption. Most of these methods have disadvantages, and among them, surface adsorption is considered as an effective method for removing heavy metals. Bioabsorbents are one of the types of adsorbents that have been considered for the removal of heavy metals. In this research, in order to remove heavy metals cadmium and copper, aqueous solutions of melon peel modified with NaOH were used. FT-IR, SEM and ASS analyzes were used in order to determine the structure and identify and check the properties of the prepared biosorbent. In the following, the factors affecting the amount of removal such as pH, amount of adsorbent, contact time and initial concentration of the mentioned metals were investigated. ¬ 170 mg/L, 1.38 g/L adsorbent dose and 45 min contact time have been obtained. Experiment design was done using Design Expert software. R2 in this model for cadmium is equal to 0.9902, which indicates that 99.02% of the data are covered by the model, and the small difference with R2adj, which is equal to 0.9765, indicates the appropriate accuracy of the model. is Kinetic experiments showed that for both metal cations, the absorption capacity increased steeply during the first 20 minutes, and after that, this process slowed down and the absorption rate decreased. Until finally, the equilibrium state occurs after about 35 min for cadmium absorption and 40 min for copper absorption. Isothermal tests of Cd(II) and Cu(II) adsorption by NMPb biosorbent in a discontinuous and single-component system with the same conditions of pH equal to 5, adsorbent dosage of 1.56 g/L, temperature of 25?C and the time required to reach The balance was done. The maximum absorption capacity calculated using the Langmuir isotherm for the absorption of Cd(II) and Cu(II) in the single component system is equal to 310.4 and 136.0 mg/g, respectively. Also, according to the results, the Langmuir model for the absorption process of each of the metal cations is the most suitable model for fitting the laboratory data due to having the lowest values ??of the error function and the highest coefficient of determination R2.   

   In this study, a combination method with fillers was used to prepare anti-fouling polyethersulfone nanofiltration membranes for the removal of pharmaceutical pollutants from aquatic environments. Therefore, graphene oxide nanoparticles functionalized with polyaniline were used to prepare mixed matrix membranes. The effect of the modification method used on the separation performance and morphology of the newly prepared membranes was investigated. To identify the prepared membranes, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (EDX), contact angle measurement, and pore size and porosity calculation were used. FTIR spectroscopy indicated the formation of functional groups on the surface of the filler. In fact, this analysis emphasized the successfulness of the modification method used in the desired membrane. The results showed that the permeate flux of the modified membrane was about 3.5 times higher than that of the unmodified polyethersulfone membrane. Additionally, the surface-modified membrane had a lower contact angle and superior anti-fouling properties compared to the unmodified membrane. To identify membranes prepared through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (EDX), contact angle measurement, and pore size and porosity calculation were used. FTIR spectroscopy showed that functional groups were formed on the surface of the filler. In fact, this successful analysis emphasized the effectiveness of the modification method used in the membrane under study. The results showed that the permeation flux of the modified membrane was about 3.5 times that of the unmodified polysulfone membrane. Additionally, the surface-modified membrane had a lower contact angle and better anti-fouling properties than the unmodified membrane. Comparing the performance of membranes prepared for removing pharmaceutical compounds from aqueous environments indicates that the results are almost similar. However, the removal efficiency of drugs by a mixed matrix membrane containing graphene oxide nanoparticles functionalized with polyaniline at a weight percentage of 0.25 (PES/G-Pu 0.25 membrane) is slightly higher than other membranes due to the greater influence of the filler on the adsorption and surface charge properties of the membrane.   

  

  Separation of theethylene/ethane mixture by the cryogenic distillation method is a process withsignificant energy consumption and high operating and capital costs due to theclose boiling point of the components and their low relative volatility and similarmolecule sizes. Reducing these costs and lowering energy consumption requiresan efficient separation procedure, and adsorption separation is a promisingenergy-efficient process for ethylene/ethane separation among the separationmethods. In order to use the adsorption separation process successfully,providing an adsorbent that can perform separation at low pressures andtemperatures near ambient is a necessity.The Cu-MOF-74 metal-organicframework is utilized as an adsorbent in this research to separate ethylene andethane. Because of the open metal sites, this framework is favorable for theformation of complexes with unsaturated hydrocarbons (ethylene). One of thepurposes of this research is to investigate and measure ethylene and ethaneadsorption at 278, 298, 313, and 353 K temperatures and to provide the isothermparameters. Additionally, the conventional methods of synthesis oforganic-metallic frameworks have been investigated, and the mechano-chemicalsynthesis method was chosen to synthesize this MOF. Prior to that, wedeveloped, evaluated, and reported scalable techniques for synthesis inindustrial production for them, as well as optimized their operating parametersdue to the unavailability of some of the required raw materials and theexpensive cost of some due to their rarities.Disodium hydroquinone saltwas synthesized using water as a solvent, and an effective approach forproducing it in the industry with a high yield was provided. In contrast toearlier techniques, this one is carried out at room temperature and pressure anddoesn't require the use of hazardous, expensive, or hazardous solvents. The2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid (DHTA) ligand was subsequently synthesized usingthis compound, and the DHTA synthesis's operational parameters have beenoptimized. These parameters, which were used to synthesize the chemical with an83% concentration, are temperature (200 ?), pressure (10 bar), the molar ratioof the catalyst to the reactant (2.085), and the reaction time (4.18 hours).Finally, the synthesized DHTA was used to produce Cu-MOF-74 adsorbent. Themaximum amount of adsorption for ethylene and ethane, respectively, was 7.33and 5.26 mmol/g, determined by measuring the amount of adsorption at 278 K. Theamount of adsorption and selectivity decreased and increased, respectively,with increasing temperature. The maximum selectivity occurred at 313 K, andethylene was adsorbed more than twice as much as ethane.

   In recent years, membrane processes have attracted a lot of attention in natural gas separation/sweetening and in this regard the polymeric membranes had a considerable growth in application and performance. Incorporation of modified filler particles is an effective way to further improve the separation performance of these membranes. In this research, the effect of halloysite nanotubes modification agent with polyaniline and their incorporating as filler particles in Pebax-1657 polymer matrix is investigated. Nanocomposite membranes were made in different filler particles’ loadings of 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 wt. % by the solution casting method. FTIR, XRD, EDX, AFM and FESEM structural tests were performed to investigate the modification of nanofillers and their dispersion in the prepared membranes. The results showed the proper distribution of the incorporated nanoparticles in the polymer matrix and the presence of functional groups in the raw and modified halloysite nanofiller. Gas permeation experiments were performed at 25 °C and 5 bar pressure. The results revealed increment effect of the filler particles incorporation on the prepared membranes’ CO2 permeability and ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity up to loading 1 wt. %. The maximum values of CO2 permeability and ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity were obtained at 1 wt. % loading of the raw and the modified filler nanoparticles as 47.05 and 57.19 Barrer, 18.97 and 20.21, respectively, which revel increments 17.27, 42.55, 10.16 and 17.36 % compared to those of the pure membrane. The effect of applying a direct electric current field of 1000 V/cm on the nanocomposite membranes with 1 wt. % was also investigated. CO2 permeability of the nanocomposite membranes incorporated by the raw and the modified nanofiller were measured as 61.05 and 73.01 Barrer and their ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity were calculated as 21.42 and 24.17, respectively, showed 66.76, 27.29, 12.92 and 19.6 % increments compared to the nanocomposite membrane without applying electric field. The improved separation performance of the nanocomposite membranes incorporated by containing PANI modified HNTs can be attributed to their PANI modification in which the CO2 molecules have more affinity toward the PANI functional groups on the HNTs compared to their original OH functional groups of raw HNTs and finally leads to the higher CO2 solubility and permeability through their incorporated membranes. The application of an electric field, especially in the HNT membrane modified with PANI, resulted in more regularly distribution of the filler nanoparticles, as revealed by FESEM images, and finally their higher separation performance.    Keywords: Natural Gas Separation, Nanocomposite Membranes, Halloysite Nanotubes, Polyaniline, Pebax-1657, Electric Field.

   One applications of the nanocomposites is for various membranes for different separations tasks. The alignment of nanofillers in nanocomposites, in addition to the effect of their incorporation, can lead to further improvement in their structural and functional properties. In this research, an attempt was made to incorporate halloysite nanotubes in nanocomposite membranes by the aid of an electrical field and the effect of alignment on CO2 and CH4 gas permeations was investigated. In addition, it was tried to modify the nanotubes by Ag cation with the aim of improving alignability in electrical filed and also improving their CO2 permeability. FTIR, FESEM, EDS, XRD and AFM analysis were carried out on the membranes to evaluate their modification of the structure, morphology and functionalization of nanofillers. The results of the investigation indicated the presence of Ag cations on the nanotubes results in a better, more uniform structure and more aligned nanotubes in the nanocomposite membranes under electric field compared to the membranes prepared without applied electric field. By modification of the nanotubes, more alignment and uniformity were observed than those for the membrane prepared without modification. This can be attributed to the more electrical field susceptibility of Ag cations. Permeability and selectivity of CO2 and CH4 pure gases were measured through the membranes prepared under operating conditions of 25 °C and 5 bar. The measurement results revealed that the incorporation, modification and alignment of the nanotubes increases the permeability and selectivity of the membranes compared to the pristine polymer membrane. The best observed results were for mixed matrix membranes loaded by 1 wt. % of the filler nanotubes. Pebax/HNT (1 wt. %) mixed matrix membranes under direct current electric field of 1000 V/cm showed increments of 30.23 and 12.86 % for CO2 permeability and CO2/CH4 selectivity compared to those membrane prepared without applied electric field, respectively. The best results were observed for the Pebax/Ag-HNT (1 wt. %) mixed matrix membrane prepared by application of direct current electric field (1000 V/cm) by increments of 84.57 and 33.97 % compared to the pristine polymer membrane; 33.42 and 10.17% compared to the mixed matrix membrane without application of electric field Pebax/Ag-HNT and 57.97 and 21.55 % compared to mixed matrix membranes of Pebax/HNT (1 wt. %) without applied electric field for CO2 permeability and CO2/CH4 selectivity respectively.

  On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared thecoronavirus (covid-19) as a pandemic due to its widespread seriousnessthroughout the world. The new corona virus caused by the SARS-COV2 virusoriginated in the city of Wuhan, China and has spread worldwide. Covid-19 is arespiratory disease that has infected so many people around the world that theWorld Health Organization (WHO) declared this disease as a pandemic due to itshigh mortality among people with poor medical history. has done.The corona virus (covid-19) pandemic has had a negative impact on thehealth of people worldwide. To reduce the impact of this widespread epidemic,it is essential to identify covid-19 cases as quickly as possible. Earlydetection of the virus is very important in the complete recovery of thepatient, but if it is detected at a later stage, it can be fatal. Since thesymptoms of the corona virus are similar to the flu, it is difficult to detectit, so we are looking for a method that will detect the corona virus in theshortest time and with the highest accuracy.Currently, CT scans (computed tomography) and X-rays are the most commonand effective methods used by hospitals to evaluate lung images for covid-19.Since there is a problem with RT-PCR kits being stained and also these kitshave a sensitivity of less than 60%-70%, researchers are trying to find thebest and fastest methods for identifying Covid-19.Chest X-ray images combined with emerging artificial intelligence (AI)methods, especially deep learning (DL) algorithms, have become a suitableoption for initial screening of Covid-19.  Keywords: Covid-19, X-ray, deep learning, artificial intelligence, CT,RT-PCR.

In order to diagnose epilepsy, a series of features must be extracted from the EEG signal of the patients, in order to extract the features, the entropy criterion has been used. In this research, permutation entropy, which is the most suitable for the analysis of biomedical signals, is investigated. The purpose of this thesis is to implement one-variable and multi-variable entropy and use it for the analysis of biomedical signals. The experimental results show the highest >  

it is necessary to restore the membrane by cleaning or replacing membrane . by mathematical modeling of flux reduction, different mechanisms of membrane fouling can be identified and then the amount of membrane fouling can be reduced. In this study, polyether sulfone membranes were made by phase inversion method. filtration has been done with single, double and triple feed solutions of sodium alginate, humic acid and kaolinite. modeling of laboratory data with single mechanisms of Hermia and combined models of Bolton have been done in constant pressure mode. For all feed solutions, all 9 single and combined models were checked by nonlinear regression method and by minimizing sum of squared error (SSE) and model parameters including K and J0 were calculated. The most consistent fouling model with the highest R2 value and the lowest RMSE value have been selected. All the dominant mechanisms in the fouling of the solutions except the kaolinite solution showed R2 greater than 0.99, and for the kaolinite solution, the value of R2 equal to 0.98 was obtained. Finally, based on the appropriate model chosen for each feed, membrane regeneration has been done by physical method or combined method. Regeneration of the membrane taken with kaolinite solution was done by physical cleaning method and for other solutions by combined method. The results of the triple feed solution showed that only a combined or classical mechanism cannot represent the membrane fouling behavior. In this solution, first the standard blocking-cake filtration model and then the two standard blocking-cake filtration and intermediate blocking-cake filtration models are compatible with the flux reduction data Showed. SEM images of the surface of clean membrane and fouled membrane with feed solutions with different compositions show the severity of fouling in mixed feed. Finally, based on the appropriate model chosen for each feed, membrane regeneration has been done by physical method or combined method. Regeneration of the fouled membrane with kaolinite solution was done by physical cleaning method and for other solutions by combined method. The highest flux recovery is reported for kaolinite solution with 93.8% and the lowest flux recovery for triple feed with 85.7%.

   Abstract One of the global concerns is the increase in the temperature of the earth due to the increase in the distribution of greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide as one of the greenhouse gases has a major contribution to the increase in the temperature of the earth and due to its corrosive nature, especially in the presence of water vapor, it should be removed from the natural gases in the pipeline. and remove the output equipment from refineries, petrochemicals and/or factory chimneys. Among the different separation methods, membrane processes are suitable processes due to their low operating cost, compatibility with the environment, high efficiency, less area, less mechanical complexity, ease of construction/start-up of the continuous unit. In this research, Pebax 1657 polymer was used as a polymer matrix and graphene oxide as a base filler to deposit zinc metal cations to create a facilitated transfer mechanism to the base membrane mechanism for CO2 percolation over CH4. Pure polymer membranes and nanocomposite with a concentration of Wt. 8% and solution casting method were made and their gas transfer properties were evaluated. Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and EDX tests were used to check the morphological structure and also, Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) test was used to check the type of bonding and functional groups that appeared in the structure. Inserting the oxide graphene sheets into the polymer matrix made the gas diffusion path longer and more tortuous and caused a decrease in permeability and an increase in the selectivity of gases in it. To compensate for the reduced permeability, polyethylene glycol was used to modify graphene oxide, but it did not have a significant effect on the passage of large gas molecules such as CH4. FESEM images showed the adhesion and dispersion of nanoparticles and the results of EDX test showed the weight percentage of zinc element in Pebax-DP-Zn2+ nanoparticles. Also, the FTIR test confirmed the successful bonding between polyethylene glycol and zinc chloride with graphene oxide. By modifying the surface of graphene oxide by dopamine and placing Zn2+ cations as an agent facilitating the transfer of CO2 molecules on graphene oxide, their transfer was improved by a facilitated transfer mechanism. The performance of membranes in gas separation was investigated using pure CO2 and CH4 gases at a pressure of 5 bar and a temperature of 25 ± 2°C. in Pebax-GO-PEG membrane with loading wt. 0.5% of graphene oxide nanosheets increased the permeability and selectivity by 5% and 9%, respectively, compared to the pure membrane. These changes for Pebax-GO-DP-Zn2+ membrane with wt. 1% filler increased the permeability and selectivity compared to pure membrane by 24% and 8%, respectively.    Key words: nanocomposite membrane, graphene oxide, facilitated tra  ort, permeability, carbon dioxide.

  In this thesis, polyethersulfone-based nanocomposite membranes were made by phase inversion method and by adding different percentages of copper oxide nanoparticles and polydopamine coating. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of copper oxide addition and polydopamine coating on surface properties including hydrophilicity and roughness, permeability, anti-fouling properties and most importantly antibacterial properties. FTIR, XRD, SEM, AFM and contact angle analyzes are performed to check the structure of nanoparticles and membranes, and to refine the milk powder feed to check the anti-fouling properties and to determine the diameter of the inhibition and return curve to check the antibacterial properties of the membranes. XRD analysis confirms the monoclinic structure of copper oxide nanoparticles. The SEM images show that all the membranes have an asymmetric structure, consisting of a dense upper layer and a finger-like sublayer and well-developed macropores at the bottom. The results of the hydrophilicity of the membranes show that the membranes modified with nanoparticles and polydopamine coating have more hydrophilicity than the membranes modified with copper oxide, which is the reason for the higher hydrophilicity of the polydopamine coating. Also, the output flux results show that the modified membranes (except for the membranes with 1% by weight of copper oxide) all have a higher flux than the pure polyethersulfone membrane, so that the membrane with 0.5% by weight of copper oxide with polydopamine coating is 197% higher than the pure membrane and The output flux results are consistent with the porosity and pore size results.

    Preparation of nanocompositemembranescontaining zinc oxidenanoparticle modified with herbal oils for application in membrane distillation

Controlling the heat generated by electronicequipment and microelectromechanical systems at high capacities is importantfor optimal performance and greater reliability. Open microchannel heat sinksare a new geometry of microchannels heat sinks that are important due to theirlower manufacturing cost and better heat transfer performance. In this research, heat transferand fluid flow characteristics of open microchannel heat sink in 17 differentgeometries, which includes 3 main shape of rectangular fins, plano convex fins andplano concave fins, that variable fins base heights varied from 0.4-0.7 mm, andin 2 shape of plano convex fins and plano concave fins on the same variablecurve range coefficients 0.20-0.5 for plano convex fins shape and 0.35-08 Forplano concave fins shape   on an equal finsbase height which the convective surface area and the materials that arerequired to build a heat sink are equal have been investigated. Openmicrochannel heat sink cooled by water fluid in   a laminar flow and single phase flow   that Reynolds number varied from 100-600 andheat flux 100-600 kWm2   that numericallyand in a three-dimensional geometry analyzed by Ansys Fluent software. At thesame heat flux, Reynolds number and fins base height, the Nusselt number of therectangular fins shape is less than the two shapes of plano convex fins andplano concave fins.in Comparison of two shapes of plano convexfins and plano concave fins in the lower fins height, the Nusselt number of theplano concave is more than plano plano convex and in the higher fins height,the Nusselt number of the plano convex is more than the plano concave. Despite the fact that at high heightsin the fins, where the Nusselt number of the plano convex fins shape is greaterthan the rectangular and plano concave   shape,but the plano convex pressure drop is less than these two shaps. The results show that at the end of the path, where theheat sink temperature is higher, in the plano concave model due to the moreconvective surface area at the end of the path has a lower critical temperatureand temperature non-uniformity. Despite the higher Nusselt number in plano convex finsshape in the curve coefficient of 0.80, 0.65 and 0.50 Compared to other plano concavefins shape in curve range coefficients of 0.35 and0.20, have a lower pressure drop than the above shapes.  

 in,this study, 37 samples were examined, which varies as follows;the amount of rubber pieces as 10 and 20% of the volume of sand, the amount of recycled steel fibers as 0.5% of the total volume of concrete, the amount of microsilica, also, 5% and 10% were substituted for cement, 5 and 10% of methaqualone were substituted for cement and limestone powder was substituted for 10% of cement. compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and water absorption tests were performed.the results show that the addition of steel fibers to the sample with 20% waste rubber and 10% microsilica increases the tensile and flexural strength by 9.9 and 39%, respectively, compared to the reference sample. in addition, adding limestone powder by 10% to the reference sample will reduce the compressive strength by 24%

  gt; In this study, pure chitosan membranes and its matrix mixed with nanoparticles of graphene oxide quantum dots (fabricated in this study) crosslinked with glutaraldehyde were used to dehydrate ethanol. High hydrophilicity of chitosan resulted in acceptable dehydration function of chitosan membrane in ethanol dehydration process. Also, due to the hydrophilic functional groups and good dispersion of graphene oxide quantum dots in the chitosan network, the mixed matrix membranes performed better dehydration than the chitosan membrane. Matrix membrane mixed in optimal loading of quantum dots graphene oxide (1.5 wt%) flux0.811 kg/m2h and separation factor of 801 for dehydration of water / ethanol mixture (90/10) at 40°C Showed that compared to chitosan membrane, the flux base increased by 84% and the separation coefficient increased 7.6 times

Historical buildings areelements of cultural inheritance of each culture and nation which trying toprotect and keep it is the generation's responsibility. Different factors causedamage to buildings . One of the harmful factors of historical building especiallybrick and dried brick buildings is Rising moisture which is the reason ofdepreciation of historical buildings. Many of researchers are also trying to beable to create a method to remove the presence of Rising moisture fromhistorical buildings.Tekih Moaven Almolk is oneof the historical buildings and tourist attractions of Kermanshah in which theclimbee moisture has been presented and appearanced there during the recentyears.according to the fact that the Rising moisture phenomenon in Tekih MoavenAlmolk is the consequence of the high ground water surface and the ground wateris made by capillarity property of this brick building, the most fundamentwayceto remove this phenomenon is decreasing the ground water level. decreasing the ground waterlevel is formed by drainaging the Tekih's earth by making drain pipe pits.In this research they haveused the studys and geotechnical reports of the place for model building of theground geometry and geo technique parameters. Tekih's geometry in modelbuilding is defined by produced plans in the place as an incorporated solid andrelated to inelastic behaviour. The amount of wall'selasticity is defined by doing Schmidt hammer test in Tekih Moaven Almolk andaccording to FEMA regulation relations in three different amounts and has beenallocated to Tekih's geometry. In this research 4 kind of site plot plan ofdrain pipe pits have been placed in three depth of 4,6 and 8 meters with threekinds of wall with different amounts of elasticity. In the process of modelbuilding of this research at first the ground becomes a model with drain pipepits and then the Tekih's building is placed on the ground and the analysis iscontinued until the form changes will be finished and then reach the ganglionicwater pressure in the Drainage Wells pits to ziro in order to do the drainageactivities.

Managing the disposal of waste hydrocarbon gases in industrial complexes is one of the most important issues for industrial units due to global warnings to reduce the long-term dire consequences for the ecosystem and its economic losses. A significant portion of the waste gases sent to the burner are light gaseous compounds such as methane, ethane, propane and four carbon and hydrogen inclusions, which by recovering them, not only the release of combustion products into the environment and its harmful consequences can be avoided, but also global warming and over-consumption of economic resources can be prevented. In the present study, GTL process simulation and optimization are investigated among other burner gas recovery methods due to the production of more high-quality products and better process economy. In this method, in addition to recovering heavy hydrocarbons, methane gas is converted into valuable materials such as gasoline, LPG or LNG with a lower sulfur content than usual. This process was further enhanced by the addition of a membrane unit, which increased hydrocarbon production by 13% to justify the increased fixed and operating costs of the membrane unit. Also, by returning the water leaving the membrane to the reforming reactor, the amount of water vapor requested from the water, electricity and steam unit is reduced by 92%. Furthermore, carbon dioxide produced by GTL reactor in reforming reactor is used to increase the production of synthesized gas by up to 7%.   

Abstract Information diffusion prediction is the study of the path of dissemination of news, information, or topics in a structured data such as a graph. Research in this area is focused on two goals, tracing the information diffusion path and finding the members that determine future the next path. The major problem of traditional approaches in this area is the use of simple probabilistic methods rather than intelligent methods. Recent years have seen growing interest in the use of machine learning algorithms in this field. Recently, deep learning, which is a branch of machine learning, has been increasingly used in the field of information diffusion prediction. This paper presents a machine learning method based on the Graph Neural Network algorithm, which involves the selection of inactive vertices for activation based on the neighboring vertices that are active in a given scientific topic. Basically, in this method, information diffusion paths are predicted through the activation of inactive vertices by active vertices. The method is tested on three scientific bibliography datasets: DBLP, Pubmed, and Cora. The method attempts to answer the question that who will be the publisher of the next article in a specific field of science. The comparison of the proposed method with other methods shows 10% and 5% improved precision in DBLP and Pubmed datasets, respectively.   

   در اين پژوهش نانوذرات دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عاملدار شده با آمينو اسيد هاي هيستيدين و سرين سنتز شد و با آزمون­هاي FE-SEM[1] و FT-IR[2]   ارزيابي گرديد. سپس نانوذات سنتز شده در ساختار غشاهاي نانوفيلتراسيون پلي اتر سولفوني با درصدهاي وزني مختلف (0.1، 0.5 و 1 %) آميخته شد. غشاهاي ساخته شده با آزمون هاي با   زاويه تماسي استانيكي، SEM، AFM و درصد تخلخل مود بررسي قرار گرفت. نتايج زاويه تماس غشا نشان مي دهد ميزان آبدوستي سطح غشا با افزودن نانوذرات افزايش يافته است وكمترين ميزان زاويه تماس مربوط به غشا پلي اتر سولفون آميخته شده با نانوذرات دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عامل­دار شده با هيستدين مي باشد. تصاوير SEM و درصد تخلخل محاسبه شده نشان مي دهد كه با افزودن نانوذرات تخلخل غشا افزايش يافته، ضخامت لايه بالايي غشا كاهش يافته در حالي كه   حفره­هاي انگشتي در لايه زيرين پخن تر شده اند. نتايج AFM نشان مي دهد با افزودن هر دو نانوذره دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عاملدار شده با آمينو اسيد هاي هيستيدين و سرين سطح غشا يكنواخت تر و صاف تر شده است و پارمترهاي زبري سطح كاهش يافته است. به منظور تعيين غلظت بهينه نانوذره،   شار آب عبوري غشا، خاصيت ضد گرفتگي و ميزان پس دهي رنگ Direct red 16 در سيستم انتها بسته مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. نتايج نشان داد غشا با 0.5 درصد وزني   از هر دو نانوذره بهترين عملكرد را دارد و نانوذره دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عامل­دار شده با آمينو اسيد هيستيدين عملكرد بهتري نسبت به نانوذره دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عامل­دار شده با آمينو اسيد سرين دارد.   ميزان شار عبوري، نسبت بازيابي شار و پس دهي رنگ Direct red 16 در غشا بهينه به ترتيب است. عملكرد غشا بهينه هردو نانوذره دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عامل­دار شده با آمينو اسيد هاي سرين و هيستيدين به منظور تصفيه پساب كاخانه توليد روغن خرما بررسي شد. همچنين اثر پارامترهاي غلظت COD، فشا عملياتي و سرعت جريان خوراك نيز بر عملكرد غشا مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. شار عبوري از غشا M-0.5 براي هردو نانوذره دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عامل­دار شده با آمينو اسيد هاي سرين و هيستيدين در شرايط بهينه عملياتي (فشار 5 بار، غلظت COD = 1000 ميلي گرم بر ليتر و سرعت جريان خوراك 150 ليتر بر ساعت) به ترتيب   كيلوگرم بر مترمربع در ساعت به دست آمد در حالي كه درصد حذف COD به ترتيب 100 % و 100 % مي باشد. همچنين نسبت بازيابي شار   براي هردو نانوذره دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عامل­دار شده با آمينو اسيد هاي سرين و هيستيدين در شرايط بهينه عملياتي به ترتيب 90 % و 99.1 % بدست آمد. با توجه به نتايج بدست آمده غشا پلي اترسولفون آميخته شده با نانوذره دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عامل­دار شده با آمينو اسيد هيستيدين با غلظت 0.5 درصد وزني عملكرد بهتري نسبت به غشا پلي اتر سولفون خالص و ساير غشاهاي اصلاح شده دارد.[2] Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

  Abstract:In this research, while considering the issue of host capacity in various dimensions, focused onthe harmonious hosting capacity of the power grid, including distributed resources, to maintainpower quality in power networks as one of the most important challenges of today's power gridsalong with power and network protection. In this paper, by presenting a simple and practicalalgorithm that observes the network harmonic constraints and the harmonic voltage limits of theDGs based on the standards defined for each local power grid (here in Iran), we were able to testthe observance of the above limitations in a system where power loading in It is estimated thatthe level of virtual power (network-capable power) can be estimated by each DG to increase itsproduction level in the network without causing harmful harmful effects. The virtual power ofthis network for a central generator of kVA 6 O, equivalent to 344 kilowatts, is a power plantwith a power plant capacity of 244 kw, the name of the wind farm.

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  Electronic service providers discovered the importance of evaluating their services with market competition. Because the competition is in such a way that any weaknesses in the mindset of customers and the attraction of new customers over a short period can bring the organization into an abyss. In the research literature, we introduced the important concepts of research. In the sequel, we will look at the history of the research and the ongoing efforts. By examining different models, we concluded that the role of the user in different models was not considers sufficiently. In some studies, the user's satisfaction has been overlook unaware that different users have different characters and different tastes. Regardless of these differences, we will not be able to assess accurately the quality of a web service from the user's perspective. Through the Myers-Briggs test, we divided the users into 16 personality categories. Fuzzy was chose as a suitable method because of the close proximity to user interactions. After reviewing some fuzzy methods, Topsis method was select as a suitable method because of high accuracy and unlimited in the number of interviewees and criteria. In Topsis method, we needed to weigh it to the criteria, which used from improve fuzzy AHP method. Finally, we distributed a questionnaire that analyzed the first 60 first questions of personality testing and 42 subsequent questionnaires on quality of web service with Mellat Bank as a well-known Web service. Hundred completed questionnaires filled in for us had remarkable results. As expected, users with different personalities arranged different levels of satisfaction and, in some cases, even contradicted the criteria. In the results of the research, we arrange the criteria for each character as well as the order of the characters according to their satisfaction with the criteria.

Thermodynamic and Physical Properties Prediction of Natural Gas using AGA8 Standard- Gross Characterization Method and Modifying it with Artificial Intelligent-Based Techniques

  The natural gas contains many impurities, including water, carbon dioxide ( ), and so on. The presence of acid gases in natural gas will lead to a reduction in thermal value, which is why removing these gases from natural gas to a standard value will be important. Increasing permeability and selectivity are the most important goals of research in membrane field. One of the common ways to achieve these goals is to add inorganic particles to the polymeric matrix of membranes, which are called as mixed matrix membranes.In this work, we present simulation of the effective permeability of pure gas in mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) by CFD. For this, we use the finite element method to simulate gas effective permeability based on constructing three-dimensional MMM models for solving Fick's diffusion equation to obtain the concentration profiles.Our simulation also indicate effects of various structural parameters, including the filler volume fraction, interface solubility ratio, and diffusivity ratio and filler size. And also result of simulation for   effective permeability of MCM-41 fillers compared by effective medium theory (Maxwell model).Our approach shows improved predictions compared with the Maxwell model.    Key words: Mixed Matrix Membrane, Gas separation, Simulation, Finite-element, Comsol

مقاوم سازي قاب بتني خمشي با استفاده از ميراگر اصطكاكي

  mixed matrix membranes containing PEBAX, Glycerol Triacetate(GTA) and synthesized Alumina nanotubes(ANTs) was prepared by solution-casting method. The particles were synthesized by a hydrothermal method characterized using SEM, FTIR and XRD. Gas permeation test were applied for characterization and assessment of pure and resultant membranes. The synthesized nanotubes enhance the carbon dioxide pure gas permeability compared to pristine membrane. The effect of different loadings of ANTs on the permeability of CO2 and CH4 and ideal selectivity CO2/CH4 were investigated at the pressure of 5 Bar and temperature of 35°C. Then in the 4% loading of nanotubes, various amount of GTA(10-20-30-40 wt%) was added to the matrix which improved the gases permeability by disrupting of the chain packing and increasing the fraction free volume of the fabricated MMMs. Cross-sectional morphologies of membranes were characterize by   field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM). Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) to identify variations of the chemical bonds were also applied. The result showed that for the fabricated membrane of pebax/4% wt ANTs/40 GTA, the permeability was enhanced almost 67% while the ideal selectivity decreased by 5.7%.

  Incorporation nanofillers and preparation of nanocomposites is an efficient and promising for improvement of the polymer matrixes different properties. In this study, halloysite nanotubes due to their instruction properties, good compatibility and it’s cheapness will incorporate in PEBA matrix for improving their separation performance for CO2/CH4. It’s expected that higher improvement can be achieved by modification the halloysite nanotubes for PEBA based nanocomposites. Optimally it is expected that the halloysite based nanocomposite membranes separation will be passed over the Robson’s upper bound as a measure of the membranes proper separation performance. Additionally, other membranes properties are expected to become better.

Nanocomposites have better mechanical, thermal, electrical, and mass transfer properties than pure polymers. In this study, the separation performance of Pebax/ functionalized-MWCNTs nanocomposite membranes for CO2/CH4 gases were investigated. It is expected that nanocomposite membranes made with modified nanoparticles have a better separation function than other pure polymeric membranes of the Pebax, and it is possible to cross the Robson’s upper bound, which is a criterion for measuring the proper function of the membranes.

The pervaporation process is one of the membrane separation processes used to remove wateradditional materials. In this dissertation, ammonia removal from water using cation exchange membrane has been investigated in the process of pervaporation. The membrane is made by solvent evaporation and from sulfonated polyethersulfonewith a heteropolyacid nanoparticle. polyethersulfone was sulfonated by Sulfonation reaction and sulfuric acid was fixed by FTIR sulfonation. Membrane structure was investigated using SEM, AFM and contact angles. And also investigated effect of feed composition, temperature, process time and nanoparticle percentage The best mode for 50 ppm feed, temperature 50 ° C, the time of the 6h process, and 3% w / w of the nanoparticle were obtained, with a coefficient of separation of 45.73 and a flux of 0/548kg.m-2.h-1.   

In this study we tried to synthesize a membrane with high capability in removing heavy metals. In this paper the method of synthesis of polymeric membranes based on polyethersulfone (PES) and modified by addition of schiff base alumoxane as a nano particale was presented and its potential application for removing copper ions from liquid phase were examined. The influences of schiff base alumoxane nanoparticles as innovative nanofiller on fabrication of polyethersulfone (PES) blended membranes were investigated in terms of hydrophilicity, permeation performance, membrane morphology and antifouling property. Alumoxane is containing extra hydroxyl groups on its surface. The hydrophilicity and pure water flux of the membranes were improved by incorporating of schiff base alumoxane nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images showed that the schiff base alumoxane embedded membranes possessed a typical asymmetric structure similar with the bare PES membrane. It means that, embedding of ions-Schiff base alumoxane did not change the finger-like structure of the membranes. After all the effect of   polyethersulfone (PES) blended membranes and modified membranes by addition of   schiff base alumoxane for removing heavy ion metals were tested and results shows that the membranes by addition of schiff base alumoxane is more efficient than the polyethersulfone (PES) blended membranes.

Communication problem with a simple idea can be transferred to a facility management network infrastructure / system / centralized system, solved, so that hardware can remain as part of the network data (like hardware available) and tooling to the control unit to Annie on the device. Hadoop has given birth several years, the question arises whether its functioning can be improved. The answer can be quite overwhelming with the composition and performance of Hadoop-based software and networking replied. with the networking issues, the work will pay its processing and network-based software this task is delegated.

  Recently with respect to the environmental problem caused by synthetic polymer, more consideration was attentive on biopolymer. Among the biopolymers, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) get more attentions due to their properties such as environmental friendly and biodegradability. Many microorganism are able to produce and accumulate PHA in their cells. In this research the bacteria was isolated from Roodbar olive and Dallahoo oak forest soils. Between the isolated bacteria, one of them which was able to produce and accumulate more PHA was selected. Glucose and glycerol used as carbon sources, while wheat straw extract used as an additive carbon source. FT-IR, HNMR and GC-mass analysis confirmed that produced biopolymer was polyhydroxybutyrate-co- hydroxylvalerate with 19.92% valarate. Experimental design with 5 factors (carbon source amount, C/N, pH, temperature and extract amount) at 3 levels were used to model and optimized the biopolymer production. The optimum condition was 25 g/l of carbon, ratio of C/N of 10, pH=9, T=34 °C, Extract = 300 ml/l.In this condition the produced biopolymer amount was 2620 mg/l. SEM Image confirm the nanosize of nanoparticles in polyhydroxyalkanoate-cellulose nanocomposite with average size of 80 nm.   

ساخت واصلاح غشا نانو كامپوزيتي براي جداسازي   محلول اتانول /آب بافرايند تراوش تبخيري

  In this research, utilizing transient liquid phase (TLP) joining for bio as-cast Co-28Cr-6Mo alloy similar bonding was investigated. Due to the good abrasion resistance, high mechanical properties, adequate corrosion resistance, high biocompatibility, as well as lower prices than gold base alloys, these alloys are the most suitable for biomedical applications. To this end, the TLP connection was performed using a MBF-100 cobalt-based and MBM-60 nickel-based interfacial layer with a thickness of 25 microns under argon gas atmosphere conditions at 1175 ?C and 15 min, and 1160?C and 60 min, 1170?C and 30 minutes , 1170 ?C and 60 min, and 1170 ?C and 120 min. The MBF-60 nickel base MBF-60 interface was also subjected to ambient atmospheres and vacuum of   torr at 950, 1000, 1050, 1100, 1170 and 1240 ?C.In order to test the mechanical properties of bonding, the bonded specimens were subjected to cutting tests. The results showed that the bond strength of MBF-100 interlayer at 1170 ° C and 2 h had the highest shear strength. The strength of sample bonding was reached 81% of base metal. Also, the effect of complete thermal solvent treatment at 1240 ° C and 4 h on shear bond strength was investigated. It was observed that at the same temperature and time, the complete solution sample had a higher strength than the bonding of as-cast samples in similar conditions. The highest bond strength was   for MBF-60 at 1000 ° C and 2 h.Investigation of microstructural analysis of the bonding was done using optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and SEM-EDS analysis results. The results of the bonding samples of 1175?C and 15 min using MBF-100 interlayer indicated that the melting was done on the boundaries at a bonding. By increasing the bonding time to 2 h at 1170?C, the penetration rate expanded, resulting in uniformity of the bonding region compounds and reduction of the phases present in the bonding region, indicating the expansion of the isothermal solidification zone. Boride compounds were also found in this sample indicate their stability.In joining studies conducted with the MBF-60 interlayer, it was found that in the bonding sample at 1000 ° C and 2 h, according to the EDS analysis the compounds were isolated as Cr3P3, Crp, Cr12P7, and CoP, and the phases Spherical is also seen in the DAZ zone. At temperatures, 1170° C was also observed continuous eutectic compounds at the center of the joint. The standard homogenization carbides dissolution process was carried out at 1240 ° C for 4 h the temperature for 4 hours. According to the microstructure bonding, the undesired phases of the bonding zone were significantly reduced and the homogeneity was observed. At this temperature, the carbides were completely dissolved and the granularity formed in the bonding zone.  

چكيدهدر اين پژوهش از دو نوع نانوذره مغناطيسي هتروپلي اسيد جهت ساخت غشاهاي ماتريس آميخته نانوذره مغناطيسي/پلي­اترسولفون به روش تغييرفاز- رسوب استفاده شده است. ابتدا غشاهايي با غلظت هاي متفاوت از نانوذره PW-SiO2@Fe3O4 ساخته شده و پس از تعيين غلظت بهينه نانوذره برابر با 0.1%   وزني با استفاده از آزمايش نفوذپذيري آب خالص، غشاهايي حاوي 0.1% وزني نانوذره PW-SiO2@Fe2O3 تهيه شده و حضور ميدان مغناطيسي، قدرت و جهت ميدان مغناطيسي در هنگام ريخته گري و تاثير آنها بر     جهت­گيري نانوذرات درون غشا و ديگر خواص غشاهاي نانو كامپوزيت بررسي گرديد. خواص غشاهاي ساخته شده نظير نفوذپذيري آب خالص، خاصيت ضد گرفتگي، محتواي آب و ميزان تخلخل مورد ارزيابي قرار گرفته و همچنين خواص سطحي نظير آبدوستي و زبري سطح به ترتيب با آزمايش سنجش زاويه تماس آب و آناليز AFM بررسي شدند. علاوه بر آن، ساختار غشاهاي ساخته شده به­وسيله تصاوير سطحي و عرضي SEM مورد ارزيابي قرار گرفتند. در ادامه عملكرد برخي از غشاها در پس­دهي يون كروم(VI) در محلول حاوي 100PPM از اين يون و با استفاده از عمليات PEUF بررسي شد و مشاهده گرديد كه غشايي كه حاوي 0.1% وزني نانوذره PW-SiO2@Fe2O3 بوده و در حضور ميدان مغناطيسي با بيشترين قدرت ساخته شده است بهترين عملكرد را در پس­دهي يون كروم (VI) به ميزان 94% داشته است. از ديگر نتايج اين پژوهش افزايش آبدوستي و زبري سطح غشاهاي نانوكامپوزيت با حضور نانوذرات و همچنين حضور ميدان مغناطيسي بود؛ به­نحوي كه از ميان غشاهاي حاوي نانوذره PW-SiO2@Fe3O4، غشا با بيشترين غلظت نانوذره داراي پايين ترين زاويه تماس آب و زبرترين سطح بود. همچنين از ميان غشاهايي كه در حضور ميدان مغناطيسي ساخته شدند، غشايي كه در حضور قوي­ترين ميدان مغناطيسي ساخته شد كمترين زاويه تماس و زبرترين سطح را دارا بود.

  Investingation of the effect of thermodynamic and diffusion models on prediction accurately accurately of pervaporation separation performance

  جداسازي يكي از موارد مهم و پركاربرد در مهندسي شيمي مي باشد و غشاء مايع به عنوان يكي از پربازده ترين روش هاي جداسازي است كه در حدود 30 سال به طور جدي مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است و باتوجه به پيشرفت فراوان آن در دو دهه­ي اخير، در صنايع مختلف استفاده شده است. هزينه­ي كم، نگهداري آسان، مصرف كم انرژي، آسان بودن افزايش مقياس كار با توجه به جمع و جور بودن وسايل فرآيند، بهره برداري آسان و طيف گسترده­ي مناطق عملياتي و استفاده از اين تكنيك در فرايندهاي همزمان استخراج و جداسازي از جمله مزاياي غشاء مايع در مقايسه با ساير فرآيندهاي جداسازي مي باشد. در اين تحقيق، سنتز مايع يوني پليمري انجام شد كه نتايج FTIR و 1H NMR و 13C NMR نشان­دهنده سنتز بهتر مايع يوني مي­باشد. همچنين در اين تحقيق از روش رويه پاسخ جهت مدلسازي راندمان حذف فنل استفاده شده است. پارامترهاي موثر در اين تحقيق شامل غلظت پليمر، غلظت حامل، غلظت امولسيفاير، غلظت فاز داخلي و زمان فرآيند در محدوده آزمايش در نظر گرفته شد. در نتايج حاصل، حداكثر راندمان حذف فنل در مدت زمان 25 دقيقه، غلظت پليمر2%، غلظت حامل2/0، غلظت امولسيفاير3%، غلظت فاز داخليN3/0 در حدود 37/99% بدست آمد. در اين تحقيق مشاهده شد كه تغيير در غلظت پليمر، غلظت امولسيفاير، غلظت فاز داخلي و غلظت حامل تغيير چشمگيري در راندمان كلي حذف فنل ايجاد مي­كند. در اين تحقيق، مدلسازي كه براي فرآيند حذف فنل با استفاده از روش رويه پاسخ و همچنين در بهينه­سازي كه براي اين روش بدست آمده، تطابق خوبي با داده­هاي تجربي داشت.

  AbstractIn this study, Boehmite nanoparticles are made by hydrothermal method and then functionalized with (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) by an inert solvent method (ALOOH@APTES) then ALOOH@APTES functionalized with salicylaldehyde (salicyl Schiff - Base functionalized boehmite or   ). The Boehmite functionalized Nano particles were used as a new Nano filler for preparation of nanocomposite membranes based on Polyether sulfone by phase inversion to remove heavy metal ions. FTIR، XRD، FE-SEM، AFM and CA analyses have been done to investigate the structure of nanoparticles and their effect on membrane properties, whey filtration and feed filtration including single solutions of copper sulfate, nickel sulfate, zinc sulfate and Plumbum nitrate in ion-free water at 100 ppm concentration. The results showed that Boehmite functionalized Nano particles in polyether sulfone membrane increased flux and improved removal for the heavy metal ions including nickel, Plumbum, zinc and copper than bare PES. Nanoparticle’ s desire to bond each other on membrane surface By creating interconnected networks make traps for trapping metal ions. By increasing the percentage of Nano particles in the casting solution, agglomeration of Nano particles causes reducing flux and increasing the percentage of removal. The results of the purification showed that membrane with 1Wt. % of    with 93/4% copper removal, 97/85% Plumbum removal, 98/1% Zinc removal, 11/1 Kg/m2h flux and 90% FRR is the best membrane for Cu, Pb and zinc removal. This membranes ability to remove nickel is better than other structured membranes but it isn’t desirable economically.

همانند سازي نرم افزاري تراوش جداسازي غشايي گازهابا غشاء پليمري

  AbstractCollision of two flow in open channelsand its three-dimensional dynamic effectonthe on the sedimentation and distribution of water is a common phenomenon in natural rivers, irrigation and drainage networks, collect and guideof surface water systems, sewer and etc. Junctio  ecause of the effects on the flow structure including sediment tra  ort, results of measurement and pollutiondistribution in flow have an important effect in hydraulic engineering and this factorshave becomejunctionto the routine structures.Complex hydrodynamic of flow at the junctionsare dependent on many geometry and hydraulic parameters such ascollision of two channels angle, channel shape, slope, Froude number, Reynolds number, discharge ratio and the ratio of channel width.In this study, in order to reach a clear understanding of the physics governing on the flow field in open channel junction by a FLOW-3D software, VOF method and the RNG k-? turbulence model flow field in 90   junction in open channel numerical simulation and by using results of experimental studies, the results of numerical solution has been validated.Comparison between numerical results and laboratory measurements indicatedthe capability of numerical model for simulation of three-dimensional flow pattern in open channel junctions.The purpose of this studyputting obstaclein tributary channelto prevent sediment tra  ort from tributary-channel to main channel and reduce pollution in the main channel.In this study, aobstacle placed in the tributary-channel and to examine the various parameters of flow and compare this model to the simple junction.In this thesis tried that the influence of the obstaclewith 10 cm width at three points of tributary-channelsand at a height of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 m have be monitored on velocity parameters, shear stress, Froude number, water level changesAnd is trying to with transfer the obstacle with 10 cm width at various points of tributary-channelsand changes elevation that lead to an optimal model to be more appropriate hydraulic conditions.At first aobstaclewas placed at the end of tributary-channels by adding different width and 0.1 height and0.25 ratio of discharge that modeling and analysis by Flow-3d software and to more analyze and evaluate after the specified width, height change effects in different points of the tributary-channel is checked.After reviewing the results of model with obstaclein height and different point of tributary-channels,the model by the obstacle height determined where the hydraulic conditions more efficient than mode simple junction was selected.

carbon dioxide / methane separation using nanocomposite membranes and modified nanoparticles